Paris hosted the 1900 and 1924 Summer Olympics and will host the 2024 Summer Olympics and Paralympic Games. [19][20] During the Roman period, it was commonly known as Lutetia or Lutecia in Latin, and as Leukotekía in Greek, which is interpreted as either stemming from the Celtic root *lukot- ('mouse'), or from *luto- ('marsh, swamp'), depending on whether the Latin or Greek form is the closest to the original Celtic name.[21][22][20]. Paris' urbanism laws have been under strict control since the early 17th century,[149] particularly where street-front alignment, building height and building distribution is concerned. [144], Crime in Paris is similar to that in most large cities. Troubadours, from the south of France, were also popular. The regional council has 121 members from the Union of the Right, 66 from the Union of the Left and 22 from the extreme right National Front. The city sometimes sees light snow or flurries with or without accumulation. [230] The work of Étienne-Jules Marey in the 1880s contributed considerably to the development of modern photography. trivago compare gratuitement pour vous + d'un million d'hôtels dans le monde.Paris - Trouvez l'Hôtel Idéal à Petit Prix ! The Forney Library, in the Marais district, is dedicated to the decorative arts; the Arsenal Library occupies a former military building, and has a large collection on French literature; and the Bibliothèque historique de la ville de Paris, also in Le Marais, contains the Paris historical research service. Bent u hier via een pagina in Wikipedia terechtgekomen? [206] Fourteen percent of Parisians work in hotels and restaurants and other services to individuals. Now brasseries, like cafés, serve food and drinks throughout the day.[276]. Île-de-France Mobilités (IDFM), formerly the Syndicat des transports d'Île-de-France (STIF) and before that the Syndicat des transports parisiens (STP), oversees the transit network in the region. [120], The budget of the city for 2018 is 9.5 billion Euros, with an expected deficit of 5.5 billion Euros. It hosts the French national football team for friendlies and major tournaments qualifiers, annually hosts the French national rugby team's home matches of the Six Nations Championship, and hosts several important matches of the Stade Français rugby team. Comparez Hôtels à Paris - Trouvez l'Hôtel Idéal à Petit Prix ! [318] The air pollution in Paris, from the point of view of particulate matter (PM10), is the highest in France with 38 μg/m3. The Paris region's 800 aerospace companies employed 100,000. Real bistros are increasingly rare in Paris, due to rising costs, competition from cheaper ethnic restaurants, and different eating habits of Parisian diners. [289] Other academic libraries include Interuniversity Pharmaceutical Library, Leonardo da Vinci University Library, Paris School of Mines Library, and the René Descartes University Library.[290]. [338] France 24 is a television news channel owned and operated by the French government, and is based in Paris. [266], Parisians tend to share the same movie-going trends as many of the world's global cities, with cinemas primarily dominated by Hollywood-generated film entertainment. The first independent Paris Commune, or city council, met in the Hôtel de Ville and, on 15 July, elected a Mayor, the astronomer Jean Sylvain Bailly. [299] Five new light rail lines are currently in various stages of development.[301]. According to the same census, three departments bordering Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne, had population densities of over 10,000 people per square kilometre, ranking among the 10 most densely populated areas of the EU. [165], The official estimated population of the City of Paris was 2,206,488 as of 1 January 2019, according to the INSEE, the official French statistical agency. [84] The Tour Maine-Montparnasse, the tallest building in the city at 57 storeys and 210 metres (689 feet) high, was built between 1969 and 1973. The remaining group, people born in foreign countries with no French citizenship at birth, are those defined as immigrants under French law. [14][15] However, the number of visitors plunged by 72 percent to 2.7 million visitors in 2020, due to the COVID virus and the drop in the number of foreign visitors. [261] Other singers—of similar style—include Maurice Chevalier, Charles Aznavour, Yves Montand, as well as Charles Trenet. [123], Once elected, the council plays a largely passive role in the city government, primarily because it meets only once a month. Paris has an extensive road network with over 2,000 km (1,243 mi) of highways and motorways. The 80,000-seat Stade de France, built for the 1998 FIFA World Cup, is located just north of Paris in the neighbouring commune of Saint-Denis. [53], Paris grew in population from about 400,000 in 1640 to 650,000 in 1780. To address this problem, the parent "District de la région parisienne" ('district of the Paris region') was reorganised into several new departments from 1968: Paris became a department in itself, and the administration of its suburbs was divided between the three new departments surrounding it. [272] The Michelin Guide has been a standard guide to French restaurants since 1900, awarding its highest award, three stars, to the best restaurants in France. Several other much-visited landmarks are located in the suburbs of the city; the Basilica of St Denis, in Seine-Saint-Denis, is the birthplace of the Gothic style of architecture and the royal necropolis of French kings and queens. Education in Paris and the Île-de-France region employs approximately 330,000 people, 170,000 of whom are teachers and professors teaching approximately 2.9 million children and students in around 9,000 primary, secondary, and higher education schools and institutions. [340], The most-viewed network in France, TF1, is in nearby Boulogne-Billancourt. There are 440 km (270 mi) of cycle paths and routes in Paris. parisinfo.com, officiële website toerisme Parijs, nouveau-paris-idf.com, officiële website Paris Ile-de-France, National Archives and Records Administration, Basiliek van Vézelay op de colline éternelle, Prehistorische locaties en beschilderde grotten in de Vézèrevallei, Zoutziederij Salins-les-Bains en Koninklijke zoutziederij Arc-et Senans, Place Stanislas, Place de la Carrière en Place d'Alliance, Pelgrimsroutes in Frankrijk naar Santiago de Compostella, Loiredal tussen Sully-sur-Loire en Chalonnes-sur-Loire, Provins, stad van middeleeuwse jaarmarkten, Le Havre, stad herbouwd door Auguste Perret, Lagunes van Nieuw-Caledonië: rifdiversiteit en ecosystemen, Pitons, cirques en "remparts" van het eiland Réunion, Beschilderde grot van de Pont d'Arc, bekend als de Grotte Chauvet-Pont-d’Arc, Ardèche, Tektonisch landschap Chaîne des Puys en Limagnebreuklijn, https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parijs&oldid=58664325, Wikipedia:Pagina's die Timeline gebruiken, Wikipedia:Lokale afbeelding anders dan op Wikidata, Wikipedia:Artikel mist referentie sinds december 2018, Wikipedia:Alle artikelen die een referentie missen, Wikipedia:Artikel mist referentie sinds juni 2013, Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen. [17], In 2018, measured by the Euromonitor Global Cities Destination Index, Paris was the second-busiest airline destination in the world, with 19.10 million visitors, behind Bangkok (22.78 million) but ahead of London (19.09 million). Although no longer the capital of France, arts and sciences in the city flourished with the Comédie-Française, the Academy of Painting, and the French Academy of Sciences. The council is elected using closed list proportional representation in a two-round system. In the same survey, 7 percent of residents identified themselves as Muslims, 4 percent as Protestants, 2 percent as Jewish, and 25 percent as without religion. To the north of the city, they are grouped mainly in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, and to a lesser extreme to the east in the Val-d'Oise department. [230] In the late 19th century, many artists in the French provinces and worldwide flocked to Paris to exhibit their works in the numerous salons and expositions and make a name for themselves. Diderot and d'Alembert published their Encyclopédie in 1751, and the Montgolfier Brothers launched the first manned flight in a hot-air balloon on 21 November 1783, from the gardens of the Château de la Muette. Over €26.5 billion will be invested over the next 15 years to extend the Métro network into the suburbs,[299] with notably the Grand Paris Express project. The population of Paris today is lower than its historical peak of 2.9 million in 1921. The river's mouth on the English Channel (La Manche) is about 233 mi (375 km) downstream from the city. [137], France's highest courts are located in Paris. He began erecting monuments to military glory, including the Arc de Triomphe, and improved the neglected infrastructure of the city with new fountains, the Canal de l'Ourcq, Père Lachaise Cemetery and the city's first metal bridge, the Pont des Arts. [17] Under French law, renters of these units must pay the Paris tourism tax. [228], For centuries, Paris has attracted artists from around the world, who arrive in the city to educate themselves and to seek inspiration from its vast pool of artistic resources and galleries. [63], During the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871), Paris was besieged by the Prussian Army. [62], During the Restoration, the bridges and squares of Paris were returned to their pre-Revolution names, but the July Revolution of 1830 in Paris, (commemorated by the July Column on Place de la Bastille), brought a constitutional monarch, Louis Philippe I, to power. [201] The Paris region's most intense economic activity through the central Hauts-de-Seine department and suburban La Défense business district places Paris' economic centre to the west of the city, in a triangle between the Opéra Garnier, La Défense and the Val de Seine. [129][130], The new structure is administered by a Metropolitan Council of 210 members, not directly elected, but chosen by the councils of the member Communes. [87], Most of the postwar's Presidents of the Fifth Republic wanted to leave their own monuments in Paris; President Georges Pompidou started the Centre Georges Pompidou (1977), Valéry Giscard d'Estaing began the Musée d'Orsay (1986); President François Mitterrand, in power for 14 years, built the Opéra Bastille (1985–1989), the new site of the Bibliothèque nationale de France (1996), the Arche de la Défense (1985–1989), and the Louvre Pyramid with its underground courtyard (1983–1989); Jacques Chirac (2006), the Musée du quai Branly. [317] The project was abandoned in 2002 for a new and better enforced local law, under the terms of which dog owners can be fined up to €500 for not removing their dog faeces. The provisional unemployment rate in the whole Paris Region was higher: 8.0 percent, and considerably higher in some suburbs, notably the Department of Seine-Saint-Denis to the east (11.8 percent) and the Val-d'Oise to the north (8.2 percent). The final stage of the most famous bicycle racing in the world, Tour de France, always finishes in Paris. However the city is known for intermittent abrupt heavy showers. [106] The metropolitan area of the city is 2,300 km2 (890 sq mi). In spite of Henry IV's efforts to improve city circulation, the narrowness of Paris' streets was a contributing factor in his assassination near Les Halles marketplace in 1610. Robert Laffont, 1996. p 74-78, Alfred Fierro. Today Paris has more than 2,400 km (1,491 mi) of underground passageways[316] dedicated to the evacuation of Paris' liquid wastes. [105] The city's last major annexation of outlying territories in 1860 not only gave it its modern form but also created the 20 clockwise-spiralling arrondissements (municipal boroughs). Hann er ein tann býurin í heiminum, har flest ferðafólk koma, til dømis at síggja Louvre-savnið, Eiffeltornið og Notre Dame-kirkjuna.Har eru eisini mong onnur kend søvn og stórir handlar og fínar matstovur. [166], In the Paris Region, 590,504 residents were immigrants from Europe, 627,078 were immigrants from the Maghreb, 435,339 from sub-Saharan Africa and Egypt, 69,338 from Turkey, 322,330 from Asia (outside Turkey), 113,363 from the Americas, and 2,261 from the South Pacific. [270] The famous Paris restaurants of the 19th century, including the Café de Paris, the Rocher de Cancale, the Café Anglais, Maison Dorée and the Café Riche, were mostly located near the theatres on the Boulevard des Italiens; they were immortalised in the novels of Balzac and Émile Zola. Paris and its close suburbs is home to numerous newspapers, magazines and publications including Le Monde, Le Figaro, Libération, Le Nouvel Observateur, Le Canard enchaîné, La Croix, Pariscope, Le Parisien (in Saint-Ouen), Les Échos, Paris Match (Neuilly-sur-Seine), Réseaux & Télécoms, Reuters France, and L'Officiel des Spectacles. [215] Unemployment was estimated at 8.2 percent in the City of Paris and 8.8 percent in the Île-de-France region in the first trimester of 2015. [201] Four hundred automobile industry companies employ another 100,000 workers: many of these are centred in the Yvelines department around the Renault and PSA-Citroen plants (this department alone employs 33,000),[201] but the industry as a whole suffered a major loss with the 2014 closing of a major Aulnay-sous-Bois Citroen assembly plant.[201]. In 2018, of the 27 Michelin three-star restaurants in France, ten are located in Paris. [4] Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, gastronomy, science and arts. Gas lights were installed on the Place du Carrousel, Rue de Rivoli and Place Vendome in 1829. If suburbs are counted, the population of the Paris area rises to 12 million people.. After the marshland between the river Seine and its slower 'dead arm' to its north was filled in around the 10th century,[41] Paris' cultural centre began to move to the Right Bank. In 2010, it was the workplace of 144,600 employees, of whom 38 percent worked in finance and insurance, 16 percent in business support services. The Commune held power for two months, until it was harshly suppressed by the French army during the "Bloody Week" at the end of May 1871. Since the 19th century, Paris has been an international fashion capital, particularly in the domain of haute couture (clothing hand-made to order for private clients). [17] Paris has long been famous for its grand hotels. This system is still a major part of Paris' modern water-supply network. Pierre Mignard became the first painter to King Louis XIV during this period. A luxury restaurant, La Taverne Anglaise, opened in 1786 in the arcades of the Palais-Royal by Antoine Beauvilliers; it featured an elegant dining room, an extensive menu, linen tablecloths, a large wine list and well-trained waiters; it became a model for future Paris restaurants. A half dozen music halls exist today in Paris, attended mostly by visitors to the city.[243]. [166][clarification needed], In 2012, there were 8,810 British citizens and 10,019 United States citizens living in the City of Paris (Ville de Paris) and 20,466 British citizens and 16,408 United States citizens living in the entire Paris Region (Île-de-France).[181][182]. The Guimet Museum, or Musée national des arts asiatiques, has one of the largest collections of Asian art in Europe. [303] There is also one general aviation airport, Paris-Le Bourget, historically the oldest Parisian airport and closest to the city centre, which is now used only for private business flights and air shows. Paris, nasong-song gi, capitat Francia. Ses habitants s’appellent les Parisiens et les Parisiennes. [259] The Orchestre de Paris was established in 1967. In 2010, it was the workplace of 500,000 salaried employees, about 30 percent of the salaried employees in Paris and 10 percent of those in the Île-de-France. INSEE – Unemployment by region and department, first trimester of 2018 (Provisional figures) (retrieved 31 July 2018), Taxable income by "consumption unit" as defined by INSEE, see, TEA-AECOM Theme Index 2017: Amusement Parks Worldwide. [230] Poster art also became an important art form in Paris in the late nineteenth century, through the work of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Jules Chéret, Eugène Grasset, Adolphe Willette, Pierre Bonnard, Georges de Feure, Henri-Gabriel Ibels, Paul Gavarni and Alphonse Mucha.[230]. [226] The arrival of the railways and the Paris Exposition of 1855 brought the first flood of tourists and the first modern grand hotels; the Hôtel du Louvre (now an antiques marketplace) in 1855; the Grand Hotel (now the InterContinental Paris Le Grand Hotel) in 1862; and the Hôtel Continental in 1878. Bal-musette is a style of French music and dance that first became popular in Paris in the 1870s and 1880s; by 1880 Paris had some 150 dance halls in the working-class neighbourhoods of the city. Run by the Government of France, it performs mostly French classics at the Salle Richelieu in the Palais-Royal at 2 rue de Richelieu, next to the Louvre. [166], A further 103,648 in the City of Paris and in 412,114 in the Paris Region were born in foreign countries with French citizenship at birth. [77] On 16–17 July 1942, following German orders, the French police and gendarmes arrested 12,884 Jews, including 4,115 children, and confined them during five days at the Vel d'Hiv (Vélodrome d'Hiver), from which they were transported by train to the extermination camp at Auschwitz. The Hôtel Ritz on Place Vendôme opened in 1898, followed by the Hôtel Crillon in an 18th-century building on the Place de la Concorde in 1909; the Hotel Bristol on the Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré in 1925; and the Hotel George V in 1928. [44][40], With 200,000 inhabitants in 1328, Paris, then already the capital of France, was the most populous city of Europe. [5] The Paris Region had a GDP of €709 billion ($808 billion) in 2017. Electricity is provided to Paris through a peripheral grid fed by multiple sources. [249] It is also a city of small bookstores. Porte Maillot est une station de la ligne 1 du métro de Paris; elle est située à la limite des 16 e et 17 e arrondissements de Paris, à proximité de la porte Maillot. [103], Measured from the 'point zero' in front of its Notre-Dame cathedral, Paris by road is 450 kilometres (280 mi) southeast of London, 287 kilometres (178 mi) south of Calais, 305 kilometres (190 mi) southwest of Brussels, 774 kilometres (481 mi) north of Marseille, 385 kilometres (239 mi) northeast of Nantes, and 135 kilometres (84 mi) southeast of Rouen. It es administrativmen dividet in 20 districtes, quel es nominat arrondissements.. Li fluvie Seine flue tra li cité. Tennis is another popular sport in Paris and throughout France; the French Open, held every year on the red clay of the Roland Garros National Tennis Centre,[294] is one of the four Grand Slam events of the world professional tennis tour. [255] Django Reinhardt rose to fame in Paris, having moved to the 18th arrondissement in a caravan as a young boy, and performed with violinist Stéphane Grappelli and their Quintette du Hot Club de France in the 1930s and 1940s. The most prestigious names of French and foreign sculptors, who made their reputation in Paris in the modern era, are Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi (Statue of Liberty – Liberty Enlightening the World), Auguste Rodin, Camille Claudel, Antoine Bourdelle, Paul Landowski (statue of Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro) and Aristide Maillol. De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie. [216], While Paris has some of the richest neighbourhoods in France, it also has some of the poorest, mostly on the eastern side of the city. No, Not At All – Here's Why", "Hanoi strengthens ties with Ile-de-France", "Les contours d'une population susceptible d'être musulmane d'après la filiation", Musée de Cluny – Musée national du Moyen Âge, Institutional seats of the European Union, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paris&oldid=1018165875, Populated places established in the 3rd century BC, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Wikipedia pending changes protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with bad settlement type, Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list, Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list, Pages using infobox settlement with image map1 but not image map, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from June 2019, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from February 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2012, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with Italian-language sources (it), Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Source 2: Weather Atlas (percent sunshine and UV Index), This page was last edited on 16 April 2021, at 16:04. [163], These areas, quartiers sensibles ("sensitive quarters"), are in northern and eastern Paris, namely around its Goutte d'Or and Belleville neighbourhoods. [126] The council of each arrondissement is composed of members of the Conseil de Paris and also members who serve only on the council of the arrondissement. [104], Excluding the outlying parks of Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes, Paris covers an oval measuring about 87 km2 (34 sq mi) in area, enclosed by the 35 km (22 mi) ring road, the Boulevard Périphérique. [123] Party lists winning an absolute majority in the first round – or at least a plurality in the second round – automatically win half the seats of an arrondissement. [43] In 1190, he transformed Paris' former cathedral school into a student-teacher corporation that would become the University of Paris and would draw students from all of Europe. The word was most likely created by Parisians of the lower popular class who spoke *argot*, then *parigot* was used in a provocative manner outside the Parisian region and throughout France to mean Parisians in general. It became a prosperous city with a forum, baths, temples, theatres, and an amphitheatre. [101] On 19 June, a man rammed his weapons-and-explosives-laden vehicle into a police van on the Champs-Élysées, but the car only burst into flames. Violent crime is relatively rare in the city centre. [178][verification needed], According to the 2012 French census, 586,163 residents of the City of Paris, or 26.2 percent, and 2,782,834 residents of the Paris Region (Île-de-France), or 23.4 percent, were born outside of metropolitan France (the last figure up from 22.4% at the 2007 census). [152] The total number of residences in the City of Paris in 2011 was 1,356,074, up from a former high of 1,334,815 in 2006. [201], In the 2017 worldwide cost of living survey by the Economist Intelligence Unit, based on a survey made in September 2016, Paris ranked as the seventh most expensive city in the world, and the second most expensive in Europe, after Zurich. [23] The meaning of the Gaulish ethnonym remains debated.
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